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Seborrheic Dermatitis: Symptoms, Classification, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention |
Seborrheic dermatitis is a skin disease that affects part of the scalp and oily areas of the body such as the back, face, and upper chest. If the disease appears on the scalp area will arise dandruff, skin is red and scaly. As one kind of skin diseases, seborrheic dermatitis is not a disease that can be contagious, it's just that this disease will usually lower the self-esteem of sufferers. In addition to so-called seborrheic dermatitis, the disease is also often called seborrheic psoriasis or seborrheic eczema. Whereas in infants, seborrheic dermatitis is often referred to as cradle cap.
(See also: all kinds of skin diseases)
Dermatotis seborrheic will usually disappear in a long time after undergoing various types of therapeutic treatment. This disease is very common but is usually not harmful to the sufferer. Everyone can be affected by the disease seborrheic dermatitis, particularly those who have a healthy immune system is weak or has a mental illness. Risk for seborrheic dermatitis can be lowered when the risk factors decreases. So you can reduce the risk factors in order to avoid the skin disease.
(See also: how to maintain mental health)
Symptoms of seborrheic dermatitis
Most of the body is very likely to develop seborrheic dermatitis. However, some areas of the skin most often exposed to this disease are the scalp, eyelashes, eyebrow, and also the side of the nose. Body parts are greasy like the back, upper chest, groin, armpits can also easily affected by this disease. As for some of the symptoms of seborrheic dermatitis are as follows:
The affected skin area seborrheic dermatitis itch or burn.
The scalp is red or dandruff.
Exfoliation or dandruff occurs in the mustache, beard, or eyebrows.
Eyelids will be colored red or crusty, a condition called blepharitis.
Flaking and yellow will occur on oily skin areas (other than the scalp), such as the face, armpits, ears, and chest.
Generally, seborrheic dermatitis will not interfere with the health of other body areas, only this condition usually affects the level of confidence of the sufferer. Because it immediately perform a medical examination or consultation with a physician.
Classification of seborrheic dermatitis
According to the age of the sufferer, seborrheic dermatitis can be classified into two, namely:
1. seborrheic dermatitis in Adolescents and Adults
Seborrheic dermatitis disease in adolescents and adults is usually started with the greasy scales that are mild on the scalp with erythema and scaling on the nasolabial folds or the area behind the ear. The scales can also appear on skin areas ditmbuhi lot of hair, like the beard, eyebrows, underarms, and occasionally a central part in the face can also be involved. There are 2 types of seborrheic dermatitis that can be found on the chest above, namely:
Petaloid, this type is very common in patients with seborrheic dermatitis. Symptoms usually shown in the form of the emergence of follicular papules and papules-colored perifolikular sorrel with excess oil production in the skin. The papule papule-will gradually be dandruff or scales on the skin.
Pityriasyform, suffered this type are relatively rare. This type has a form of macular and scales or dandruff on the skin.
2. seborrheic dermatitis in infants
Seborrheic dermatitis is very common in infants because baby skin is usually still produce quite a lot of oil glands. Seborrheic dermatitis in infants usually appears on the scalp. However, these conditions will not usually cause itching as in adults. The emergence of seborrheic dermatitis in infants will usually appear in the third week or the fourth week after birth. Seborrheic dermatitis in infants or in children usually occur as a result of low immune system. In some cases that is relatively rare, seborrheic dermatitis due to immune system deficiencies will also be accompanied by symptoms of diarrhea.
Meanwhile, according to the area of infestation by disease seborrheic dermatitis then this disease can be divided into three, among them:
1. seborrheic Head
The emergence of seborrheic dermatitis in areas of the head are usually characterized by scaling and yellow oily causing hair to become sticky. Uga sometimes encountered crusts called pitriasis oleosa. however, sometimes the shape of scales can also be layered and dry and can be detached itself atai called the pitiriasis sika (dandruff). Events of this sort will usually cause symptoms of itching and the appearance of dandruff on the scalp.
In some cases, patients with seborrheic dermatitis thought that itching and the appearance of dandruff on the scalp occur due to use a shampoo that does not fit so they reduce the use of shampoo. But the way it causes further accumulation of the disease. finally inflammation and symptoms caused also worsened. Besides area itchy scalp, seborrheic dermatitits also often characterized by a burning sensation in the face of the disease.
(See also: drug allergy itch)
2. seborrheic Advance
Seborrheic face will appear in the mouth area, palbera, sulcus nasolabialis, chin, and also other places that are erythematous macula, where the above scaly skin will appear yellowish. If until palbera could then occur blepharitis. Such conditions are more common in women than in men. Such conditions may also appear on the face area of the hair, such as the chin area and also on the lips that occur folliculitis, so that men who regularly shave mustache and beard are at risk for this disease. Seborrheic dermatitis appearing on the beard area is often referred to sikosis barbe.
3. seborrheic Agency and Sela-stream
Seborrheic dermatitis is also very susceptible suffered in areas of the body and the area folds or sidelines body. This type of seborrheic dermatitis will usually attack presternal area, interspakula, armpits, inframama, umbilicus, and krural (groin and pirineum). Symptoms usually a rash that shaped the emergence of macular erythema in which on the surface there is a greasy scales with a yellowish color.
Those are some classifications of seborrheic dermatitis. The classification is based on the age of the patient and also the location of the seborrheic dermatitis.
The cause of seborrheic dermatitis
Until now the cause of seborrheic dermatitis is not yet certain. However, most likely this disease is closely related to the kind of leaf malssezia are often found in the skin's surface that release the oil. Other conditions, such as inflammation associated with psoriasis is also possible as a cause of seborrheic dermatitis. Besides the two factors above, there are several conditions that made possible the cause of seborrheic dermatitis, among them:
A weakened immune system (See also: how to increase endurance)
Body of malnutrition and nutrition
Nervous system problems (See also: the types of neurological disease)
Season, the disease will usually appear in spring and winter
In infants, "buffalo shit" can arise from the loss of hormones gradually from the mother prior to birth.
In addition to these factors, there are also some conditions that increase the risk for developing seborrheic dermatitis, such as:
Never has a history of neurological or mental illness previously, such as Parkinson's disease and depression.
The immune system is weakened by disease HIV / AIDS, alcoholic pancreatitis, as well as suffering from other cancers. (See also: the difference aids and hiv)
Have congestive heart failure.
Having a history of endocrine diseases that increase the risk of obesity such as diabetes.
The use of some types of drugs.
Frequent scratching or doing activities that allow the skin to be hurt and make it more vulnerable or at risk of seborrheic dermatitis.
In addition to the various factors mentioned above, people who have oily skin are also vulnerable to contracting seborrheic dermatitis. Newborns are also those adults aged between 30 and 60 years, especially women are also prone to suffering from seborrheic dermatitis.
The diagnosis of seborrheic dermatitis
Diagnosis of this disease can be done through several methods or stages, such as history, physical examination, medical history, clinical picture, or from the results of other investigations. Of the known cases, seborrheic dermatitis is often found in infants aged 1 month with symptoms of inflammation of the skin folds Kapala and intertriginous accompanied by greasy scales and crusts. Other skin areas such as the neck, upper chest, and also the central part of the face can also be affected. In cases classified as severe, the patches can appear reddish-plated and may not give itching.
In addition through the above method, the diagnosis can also be done by the following:
1. The scales Distinctive Characteristics
This condition is often characterized by symptoms of scalp in the frontal and parietal will be covered with an oily crust, thick, and accompanied by a fissure. Usually does not appear for inflammation or hair loss. On his journey, redness of the skin will continue to increase and areas with scaly erythematous bercah will form a very clear and it is covered by an oily scaling. The condition can be experienced expansion in the frontal region of hairless. Area folds retroaurikular, earlobes, and also the neck may also be affected. Additionally, otitis externa, intertriginous dermatitis, as well as opportunistic infections of C. albicans, S. aureus, and other bacteria are also often accompany seborrheic dermatitis. In some cases, seborrheic dermatotis can also be diagnosed with atopic dermatitis or psoriasis because the symptoms are very similar reltif. That's why the need for accuracy to differentiate this disease with other diseases that have similar symptoms or the same relative.
2. Histopathological examination
This examination is a picture of chronic dermatitis and inspection of spongiosis also clearer. In the layers of skin epdermis also appear to have parakeratosisfokal with Munro abscess. In the dermis area will appear dilation of blood vessels ends of the peaks accompanied papillary stratum cell infiltration of neutrophils and monocytes.
Treatment of Seborrheic Dermatitis
After making a diagnosis of the disease seborrheic dermatitis then the next step should be done is to take care or treatment to eliminate the disease. To overcome the problem of seborrheic dermatitis you can take advantage of a cream, lotion, or a special shampoo to eliminate the problem. Generally, such products were sold freely on the market. However, if treatment or self-treatment at home has not been able to overcome these problems, you should consult a doctor. The treatment will be conducted usually in the form:
Cream or gel that is useful against bacteria that causes seborrheic dermatitis.
Using antifungal shampoo that contains ketoconazole and also products for the scalp containing clobetasol.
Using shampoo, cream or ointment containing a corticosteroid, such as fluocinolone or hydrocortisone useful to relieve inflammation. However, use of this method can cause side effects such as thinning of the skin, especially if their use in the long term.
Light therapy combined with the use of psoralen or called by photochemoterapy. Unfortunately the people who have thick hair types are usually incompatible with such therapy.
The use of lotions or creams containing calcineurin inhibitors such as pimecrolimus and tacrolimus for treatment that is useful to suppress the immune system. Only the use of these drugs may increase the risk for cancer.
The use of antifungal terbinafine pills. Unfortunately, the use of these drugs can cause side effects such as serious enough liver disorder and cause allergic reactions.
Seborrheic dermatitis in children usually resolves itself within a period of 6 to 12 months and usually will not reappear until their puberty. If you seborrheic dermatitis conditions existing in a condition that is severe enough then you should immediately seek medical attention. As for some guidelines you can use as a benchmark for a medical checkup is when:
You find it hard to sleep and hard to concentrate when doing everyday activities.
Feeling confused and anxious over exposure your problem.
You think you have an infection of the skin.
Already treat yourself at home, but there is no change at all.
In this case the expert's help is needed to solve your problems. However, although the expert help is needed, you can also do some methods to reduce the symptoms of seborrheic dermatitis, such as:
Someone who has atopic talent in his head will experience more severe symptoms ketombean when the weather is hot. In such conditions, endrogen gland activity will increase. To minimize the uncomfortable atmosphere, you can use an umbrella when out of the house, avoid stuffy rooms, avoid thick clothing, and so forth. You can choose to do activities in the air-conditioned room to avoid the risk.
Do not lift the scales on the head if there has been no recommendation from a doctor. It is feared that the appointment of the scales on the head it will cause more serious infections. Usually the doctor will use a special drug that is useful to lift the scales on the head if the conditions so require.
The use of shampoo can be taken into consideration because the shampoo is designed to cleanse the hair and scalp. However, if seborrheic dermatitis suffered by children or babies you then do not ever use the adult shampoo to wash your child's hair because the shampoo compositions may not be suitable for children.
Although the use of highly effective shampoo to cleanse the scalp, but not all children or infants matched using shampoo. For that, you could consider using only clean water when cleaning the baby's hair.
To help overcome and also controlling seborrheic dermatitis, you can also do some of the following:
Never scratch the affected body part seborrheic dermatitis can cause increased risk of infection and also aggravate the disease.
Use a type of comb gently to loosen kelupasan scalp in infants exposed seborrheic dermatitis. But before you have to clean the hair and the baby's head using baby shampoo. Additionally, you can also use olive oil to soften the skin surface.
Wash the bath and on a regular basis. Do not forget to use soap and shampoo, if necessary, use a moisturizer after bathing.
You can use baby shampoo to clean the eyelid if your eyelids are red and have peeling. To help relieve the symptoms, you can also compress the eyelids use warm water.
Shave your mustache or beard to help relieve the symptoms of seborrheic dermatitis.
So that the disease does not get worse, make sure that you do not use products containing alcohol.
Use clothing that has a silky texture and a cotton so that the skin get air circulation and reduce irritation.
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How to Prevent Seborrheic Dermatitis
To prevent seborrheic dermatitis, you can melaukan the following measures:
Try to avoid friction stimuli. You should also be careful when using soap and towels.
Avoid using scented soaps sting because it may contain alcohol.
Use a type of soap that has a high oil content.
Avoid foods that can trigger itching. Also try to limit foods that are rich in protein content.
Wash with warm water with temperatures tend to cool.
Do not rub the skin with alcohol.
Avoid contact or direct contact with an object or onjek which can cause allergies.
You can use a moisturizing cream as often as possible.
Overcoming itch to avoid scratching to prevent eczema risk of causing infection.
To address the child scratching, you can distract him when they wanted to scratch, avoiding conditions that are too warm or hot, put the gloves on the child during sleep, also keep your nails in the condition of children is always short.
Those are some things associated with seborrheic dermatitis. This disease is a disease that is relatively lightweight yet very easy suffered by anyone. In the process of diagnosis, seborrheic dermatitis should be examined very carefully because these diseases have symptoms similar to other diseases. As some kind of disease symptoms are almost the same with seborrheic dermatitis are:
psoriasis
lupus
tinea capitis
allergic dermatitis
pruritus
seborosacea
also some diseases that are caused by other immune system disorders
For additional information as well as consideration why seborrheic dermatitis should be prevented then you can read some of the following information:
Seborrheic dermatitis is a skin disease that can affect all the people regardless of age, race, and gender.
There are cases where a person can suffer from seborrheic dermatitis throughout his life.
Seborrheic dermatitis can occur on the surface of the skin such as the scalp hair, inside the ears, eyebrows, sideburns, mustache, beard, even in the chest.
Can occur continuously or intermittent.
Seborrheic dermatitis is a disease that is not contagious but it is thought to be a case of inherited diseases.
Although not classified as serious illness, seborrheic dermatitis can be a very disturbing problem and the treatment can cost quite a bit.
From that information, we can conclude that seborrheic dermatitis is not the kind of diseases that are very serious, but a number of considerations should be prevented so as not to cause a nuisance when doing daily activities.