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This is 23 Crashes In Excretion system Man What You Should Know |
Humans have four excretory system in the body, the kidneys, lungs, liver, and skin. Excretory system useful in metabolic processes in the body. Kidneys help remove urine, lungs remove carbon dioxide, liver secrete bile, whereas skin sweat. But the four excretory system can be impaired. As for the various disorders of the excretory system are:
Disorders of the Kidney
1. Kidney Stones
Kidney stones are caused by the precipitation of calcium salts in the cavity of the kidney, kidney or urinary tract. Kidney stones are usually triggered by a mineral salt intake is too much or because of consuming less water. Kidney stones will then be menyebbkan hydronephrosis, namely the expansion of one of the kidneys as urine can not flow out of the body. The condition occurs because the kidneys flow is blocked by a kidney stone. Kidney stones can be treated with surgery and laser light to emecah calcium salt deposits. Prevention of kidney stones can be done by:
Drink plenty of water
Avoid drinking or cooking with water with a high lime content
Routine exercise
Avoid sitting too long at work (See also: the dangers of sitting too long)
Do not hold back the stimulus to urinate (See also: the danger of holding urine too long)
Avoid foods with high calcium content too (See also: foods that contain high calcium)
(See also: the causes and treatment of kidney stones)
2. Nephritis
Nephritis is a kidney glomerular damage due to toxic allergic germs. Nephritis is usually caused by the bacterium Streptococcus. Nephrons are damaged causing the urine back into the blood and water absorption to be disrupted so that the legs become swollen. Nephritis can be cured by a kidney transplant or dialysis regularly. Dialysis patients typically will be to obtain a kidney donor who meets with organ tissue of the patient.
(See also: the causes of nephritis)
3. glucosuria
The disease is characterized by the content of glucose in the urine (often referred to as diabetes). This condition occurs because the body lacks insulin, while the nephrons are not able to absorb the excess glucose that the excess glucose will be discharged with the urine. To treat glukosaria could do with an injection of insulin, oral hypoglycemic medication intake, also make a healthy diet. For precautionary measures can be taken:
Control food intake (not too high in sugar)
Weight control (avoid obesity)
Routine exercise
Managing other risk factors such as hypertension, blood lipid levels, and so forth
Perform regular blood sugar checks
4. Albuminuria
Albuminuria is indicated by the presence of molecules of albumin and other proteins in the urine. The disease is caused by kerusaan the filtration apparatus. To prevent this disease you can increase the intake of mineral water at least 8 glasses per day. Also, try not to consume only one course to excess nutrients, such as proteins. In other words, nutritional intake should be managed in a balanced manner.
5. Hematuria
Hematuria with red blood cells in the urine. Hematuria is caused by inflammation of the urinary organs or because of irritation caused by friction of kidney stones. To cope with this disease, treatment or prevention can be done by addressing the root causes of disease.
6. Kidney Failure
Kidney failure occurs when one of the kidneys can not perform its function. This condition will cause the accumulation of fluid and urea in the body so that sufferers often experience swelling in the legs or other organ area. To treat the disease, patients have to do dialysis or a kidney transplant. (See also: the cause of renal failure - treatment of renal failure)
Disorders of the Lungs
1. Asthma
Asthma is caused by a narrowing of airways in the lung primary. Symptoms include shortness of breath. The disease is not contagious and hereditary. Additionally, environmental conditions or polluted air can also trigger asthma. Until now asthma can not be cured. Administration of drugs merely to relieve the symptoms, which means that the disease can recur at any time. To prevent the recurrence of this disease sufferers should avoid risk factors like environment that is too cold or polluted air.
2. Tuberculosis (TB)
Tuberculosis is caused by bacteria called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This disease can be transmitted through splash out when coughing. Symptoms shown almost resembling asthma symptoms, but sometimes can be accompanied by a dry cough or phlegm or coughing up blood. To avoid infection you should avoid contact with people with TB and do not use the equipment especially the cutlery that has been used pendeirta tuberculosis. In addition, you should also avoid risk factors such as air contaminated by heavy metals such as coal or lead. Treatment can be done easily because TB drugs provided by the government. Sometimes patients must also undergo a quarantine to prevent the spread of TB.
3. Pneumonia
Pneumonia caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi that infect the lungs, especially in the area of the alveoli. This will cause the sufferer shortness of breath because the alveoli are already filled with fluid (because the disease is often referred to as pneumonia). Pneumonia usually can not be cured, but the symptoms can be alleviated by taking antibiotics. To prevent pneumonia, following several methods that can be done:
Maintain cleanliness and endurance so that bacteria, germs, or viruses is not easy to attack and penetrate the body's defenses.
Set the nutritional intake of food.
Routine cleaning or washing hands before eating.
Routine exercise.
4. Emphysema
Emphysema is caused by a loss of elasticity in the alveoli. Emphysema patients will usually have lung bigger than healthy people of the umumy, because the carbon dioxide released by the body should actually trapped in the lungs. Emphysema caused by cigarette smoke and the enzyme deficiency of alpha-1-antitrypsin. One way to prevent this disease is to avoid cigarette smoke and do not smoke.
5. bronchitis
Bronchitis is an inflammation in the bronchi and is caused by infection with germs, bacteria, or viruses. Other factors such as dust, cigarette smoke, and air pollution can trigger bronchitis. Bronchitis caused by bacteria or germs can usually be treated with antibiotics. While bronchitis is caused by a virus will be given medication to relieve the symptoms. To prevent bronchitis can be done by always maintaining or improving endurance and avoid secondhand smoke.
6. Asbestosis
Asbestosis occurs because people inhale asbestos fibers that make up the extensive scarring in the lungs. Inhalation of asbestos fibers can cause thickening of the pleura (membrane lining the lungs). Treatment of asbestosis made to reduce or overcome the symptoms. The treatment is done is to remove mucus or phlegm in the lungs. In severe conditions may be needed pencangkkan lungs. Meanwhile, prevention efforts could be made to reduce the levels of asbestos fibers and dust in the working environment.
Disorders of the Heart
1. Hepatitis
Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver caused by a virus (hepatitis A virus can or hepatitis B virus). Hepatitis B virus is more dangerous than hepatitis A virus hepatitis prevention efforts can be done by:
vaccinate
Ensuring needles for acupuncture or sterile tattoo
Avoid the use of tools such as razors, combs, and so alternately
Avoid sexual activity with multiple partners
Avoid getting blood donors unofficial
Meanwhile, measures of treatment can dilakkan by two methods. First through chemical means to turn off the hepatitis virus. Second, supportive methods useful to protect liver cells and help the recovery of damaged liver cells.
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2. Yellow Disease
Jaundice is caused by a blocked bile duct, causing bile can not be discharged into the duodenum. As a result of bile into the bloodstream and cause blood color to yellow. Jaundice is indicated by symptoms of eye, skin, and nails become yellow.
3. Liver Cirrhosis
Cirrhosis of the liver can occur as a result of hepatitis B or hepatitis C that is sustainable, because alcohol, deficiencies or malnutrition, or due to other diseases that cause clogged bile ducts. Up to now there is no cure for cirrhosis of the liver. Treatment is done for complications occur, such as vomiting or defecating in the form of blood, enlarged abdomen, yellow eyes, and hepatic coma.
4. Fatty Liver
Fatty liver caused by fatty deposits that exceed 5% of the total weight of the liver or hit more than half of jarngan liver cells. This often leads to fatty liver, advanced liver damage or cirrhosis of the liver. This condition can also be triggered by the habit of consuming alcoholic beverages.
5. Liver Cancer
Liver cancer arise because of the growth of cancer cells in the liver tissue. Liver cancer is often suffered by most people is Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HCC arise as a result of serious late complications of chronic hepatitis, mainly due to cirrhosis of the liver due to hepatitis B, hepatitis C, hemochromatosis.
6. Koletasis and Jaundice
Cholestasis is a failure of bile production and expenditure. Too long suffered from cholestasis can lead to failure of absorption of fats and vitamins A, D, E, and K in the intestines. In addition, the condition can also cause buildup of bile bilirubin, and cholesterol in the liver. If the excess bilirubin in the blood circulation and the accumulation of bile pigment in the skin, mucous mmebran, and eyeball then the condition is called jaundice. This condition is often characterized by symptoms of patients with bright yellow skin, the color of the urine becomes darker, while the color of stool becomes lighter.
Disorders of the Skin
1. Scabies
Scabies is a contagious skin disease and is characterized dnegan symptoms of itching (it will feel worse at night). This disease often appears on moist skin areas, such as the hands, armpits, buttocks, thighs, and sometimes in between the webs between the fingers. This disease can be prevented by keeping the skin and the environment.
2. Ringworm
Ringworm is a skin disease and is caused by a fungus yangmenular. Symptoms of ringworm is easily recognizable that the presence of any roughness in the skin and is surrounded by a pink ring. This disease can be treated with an antifungal cream containing miconazole and kloritomazol. To prevent this disease you need to keep the body and also avoid contact with patients.
3. Panu
Panu is a skin disease caused by a fungus and marked by patches of white, brown, or red (depending on color) in the skin accompanied by symptoms of itching when sweating. Panu can be prevented by maintaining personal hygiene, do not wear towels or damp clothing (mold will easily thrive in moist environments), and do not use clothing or a towel that has been used by people with tinea versicolor. Phlegm drug alone you can get at a pharmacy or drug stores freely.
4. Urticaria
Urticaria is characterized by the appearance of bumps on the skin and are usually accompanied by itching. The condition is usually caused by an allergy to cold or certain foods. To prevent biduran you simply avoid the causes of allergies are often triggered urticaria.
5. Psoriasis
No research has been able to reveal the exact cause of psoriasis. However, many researchers suspect that the disease is caused by ativasi abnormal T lymphocytes. The condition is often munjukkan symptoms of redness in the area of the scalp, elbows, back, and knees.
That is some interference on the human excretory system. In addition to several diseases or disorders of the above, there are many more disorders of the excretory system. Various excretory system disorders can be caused by the environment, unhealthy lifestyle, and heredity (genetics).
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